Biomarker: p21

Histology type: endometrioid endometrial carcinoma

Country: Japan

Region: Sendai

Study type: retrospective study

Followed up time :

Subgroup 1 name : positive

Subgroup 1 number: 47

Subgroup 2 name: negative

Subgroup 2 number: 28

Conclusion: p21 expression were considered as prognostic indicators in patients with endometrioid endometrial carcinoma.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: immunohistochemistry

Expression pattern : expression

Expression elevation: Immunostained slides were evaluated according to both the intensity of staining and the number of positive tumour cells as follows:3 tumours were classified as strongly positive when nuclear immunoreactivity was intense and/or positive cells accounted for more than 10 per cent of tumour cells; as weakly focally positive when nuclear immunoreactivity was weak and/or positive cells accounted for less than 10 per cent of tumour cells; and as negative when there was no reactivity.

Funtion Uniprot: May be involved in p53/TP53 mediated inhibition of cellular proliferation in response to DNA damage. Binds to and inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity, preventing phosphorylation of critical cyclin-dependent kinase substrates and blocking cell cycle progression. Functions in the nuclear localization and assembly of cyclin D-CDK4 complex and promotes its kinase activity towards RB1. At higher stoichiometric ratios, inhibits the kinase activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. Inhibits DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase delta by competing with POLD3 for PCNA binding (PubMed:11595739). Plays an important role in controlling cell cycle progression and DNA damage-induced G2 arrest (PubMed:9106657).

UniProt ID: P38936

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P38936/entry

Biological function from UniProt: #Cell cycle

Molecular function from UniProt:

Tissue specificity from UniProt: Expressed in all adult tissues, with 5-fold lower levels observed in the brain.

Subcellular UniProt: #Cytoplasm #Nucleus

Alternative name from UniProt:

Recommended name: Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1

Gene name from HGNC: CDKN1A (CAP20, CDKN1, CIP1, P21, p21CIP1, p21Cip1/Waf1, SDI1, WAF1)

HPA class: Cancer-related genes Human disease related genes

AlphaFold DB: P38936

AlphaFold Link: https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/P38936

Induction: Activated by p53/TP53, mezerein (antileukemic compound) and IFNB1. Repressed by HDAC1.

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000124762-CDKN1A

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Low tissue specificity

Tissue expression from HPA: Nuclear expression in fractions of cells in most tissues.

Single cell type specificity Low cell type specificity

Immune cell specificity: Immune cell enhanced (non-classical monocyte)

Subcellular summary HPA Located in Nucleoplasm, Nuclear bodies (Single cell variability)

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Prognostic marker in endometrial cancer (favorable), renal cancer (favorable) and lung cancer (unfavorable)

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000124762-CDKN1A/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000124762-CDKN1A/pathology/endometrial+cancer

OMIM: 116899

OMIM link2: https://www.omim.org/entry/116899

HGNC ID: HGNC:1784

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1784