Biomarker: KDR

Histology type: endometrioid endometrial carcinoma

Stage: stage I

Country: Greece

Region: Alexandroupolis

Followed up time :

Conclusion: sMVD and the angiogenic factor VEGF are important indicators of a poor prognosis in patients with endometrial carcinoma. VEGF/KDR complexes define a subgroup of patients with endometrial carcinoma with an even worse prognosis.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: monoclonal antibody

Expression pattern : VEGF/ KDR complexes

Expression elevation: The percentage of positive cells was recorded in 3 200 fields after inspection of the whole tumor area available in the section. The mean value obtained was the final VEGF score for each case

Funtion Uniprot: Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFC and VEGFD. Plays an essential role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular development, vascular permeability, and embryonic hematopoiesis. Promotes proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Isoforms lacking a transmembrane domain, such as isoform 2 and isoform 3, may function as decoy receptors for VEGFA, VEGFC and/or VEGFD. Isoform 2 plays an important role as negative regulator of VEGFA- and VEGFC-mediated lymphangiogenesis by limiting the amount of free VEGFA and/or VEGFC and preventing their binding to FLT4. Modulates FLT1 and FLT4 signaling by forming heterodimers. Binding of vascular growth factors to isoform 1 leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and the activation of protein kinase C. Mediates activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Mediates phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and activation of PTK2/FAK1. Required for VEGFA-mediated induction of NOS2 and NOS3, leading to the production of the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells. Phosphorylates PLCG1. Promotes phosphorylation of FYN, NCK1, NOS3, PIK3R1, PTK2/FAK1 and SRC.

UniProt ID: P35968

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P35968/entry

Biological function from UniProt: #Angiogenesis #Differentiation #Host-virus interaction

Molecular function from UniProt:

Tissue specificity from UniProt: Detected in cornea (at protein level). Widely expressed.

Subcellular UniProt: #Cell junction #Cell membrane #Cytoplasm #Cytoplasmic vesicle #Endoplasmic reticulum

Alternative name from UniProt:

Activity regulation: Present in an inactive conformation in the absence of bound ligand. Binding of VEGFA, VEGFC or VEGFD leads to dimerization and activation by autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. Inhibited by the small molecule PTK inhibitor SU5614 ((3Z)-5-Chloro-3-[(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one). May be regulated by hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels via a H2S-sensitive intracellular disulfide bond.

Recommended name: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

Gene name from HGNC: KDR (CD309, FLK1, VEGFR, VEGFR2)

CD antigen name: CD309

HPA class: Cancer-related genes CD markers Disease related genes Enzymes FDA approved drug targets Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins Plasma proteins RAS pathway related proteins

AlphaFold DB: P35968

AlphaFold Link: https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/P35968

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128052-KDR

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Low tissue specificity

Tissue expression from HPA: Cytoplasmic expression in endothelial cells in most tissues.

Single cell type specificity Muller glia cells - Visual perception (mainly)

Immune cell specificity: Not detected in immune cells

Subcellular summary HPA Located in Nuclear membrane, Vesicles

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Prognostic marker in renal cancer (unfavorable)

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128052-KDR/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000128052-KDR/pathology/endometrial+cancer

Phenotype ID: 602089:

Disease: Hemangioma, capillary infantile (HCI):

Note1: Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry;Plays a major role in tumor angiogenesis. In case of HIV-1 infection, the interaction with extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions

OMIM: 191306

OMIM link1: https://www.omim.org/entry/602089;

OMIM link2: https://www.omim.org/entry/191306

HGNC ID: HGNC:6307

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:6307