Biomarker: p53 antibody (S-p53 Ab)

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Stage: high risk

Country: Japan

Region: Tokyo

Followed up time :

Conclusion: Serum p53 antibody as a diagnostic marker of high-risk endometrial cancer.S-p53 Ab could conveniently and specifically identify high-risk endometrial cancer.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: immunohistochemistry

Expression pattern : positive expression

Expression elevation: Briefly, at least 100 tumor cell nuclei in the cancer area were counted under high-power fields, and the percentage of positive nuclei expressing p53 protein was evaluated, regardless of intensity of staining. Percentage of positive cells examined was scored as negative (5%), weakly positive (5-50%), or strongly positive (50%). In case of discrepancies, the slides were reexamined by 2 authors (K.Y., K.H.) to obtain mutual agreement.

Funtion Uniprot: Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type (PubMed:11025664, PubMed:12524540, PubMed:12810724, PubMed:15186775, PubMed:15340061, PubMed:17317671, PubMed:17349958, PubMed:19556538, PubMed:20673990, PubMed:20959462, PubMed:22726440, PubMed:24051492, PubMed:9840937, PubMed:24652652). Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process (PubMed:11025664, PubMed:12524540, PubMed:12810724, PubMed:15186775, PubMed:15340061, PubMed:17317671, PubMed:17349958, PubMed:19556538, PubMed:20673990, PubMed:20959462, PubMed:22726440, PubMed:24051492, PubMed:9840937, PubMed:24652652). One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its interaction with PPP1R13B/ASPP1 or TP53BP2/ASPP2 (PubMed:12524540). However, this activity is inhibited when the interaction with PPP1R13B/ASPP1 or TP53BP2/ASPP2 is displaced by PPP1R13L/iASPP (PubMed:12524540). In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seems to have an effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER2 (PubMed:24051492).

UniProt ID: P04637

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P04637/entry

Biological function from UniProt: Apoptosis, Biological rhythms, Cell cycle, Host-virus interaction, Necrosis, Transcription, Transcription regulation

Molecular function from UniProt:

Tissue specificity from UniProt: Ubiquitous. Isoforms are expressed in a wide range of normal tissues but in a tissue-dependent manner. Isoform 2 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in brain, lung, prostate, muscle, fetal brain, spinal cord and fetal liver. Isoform 3 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in lung, spleen, testis, fetal brain, spinal cord and fetal liver. Isoform 7 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in prostate, uterus, skeletal muscle and breast. Isoform 8 is detected only in colon, bone marrow, testis, fetal brain and intestine. Isoform 9 is expressed in most normal tissues but is not detected in brain, heart, lung, fetal liver, salivary gland, breast or intestine.

Subcellular UniProt: #Cytoplasm #Cytoskeleton #Endoplasmic reticulum #Mitochondrion #Nucleus

Alternative name from UniProt:

Caution: Interaction with BANP was reported to enhance phosphorylation on Ser-15 upon ultraviolet irradiation (PubMed:15701641). However, the publication has been retracted due to image duplication and manipulation. Interaction with BANP has been confirmed in mouse studies (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-15 has been confirmed by other studies (PubMed:10570149, PubMed:11554766, PubMed:16219768, PubMed:15866171, PubMed:17317671, PubMed:17954561, PubMed:20959462, PubMed:25772236). Its nuclear and cytoplasmic localization has been confirmed by other studies (PubMed:15340061, PubMed:17170702, PubMed:19011621, PubMed:21597459, PubMed:22726440, PubMed:17591690, PubMed:18206965).

Recommended name: Cellular tumor antigen p53

Gene name from HGNC: TP53 (LFS1, p53)

HPA class: Cancer-related genes Disease related genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins Potential drug targets Transcription factors Transporters

AlphaFold DB: P04637

AlphaFold Link: https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/P04637

Induction: Up-regulated in response to DNA damage. Isoform 2 is not induced in tumor cells in response to stress.

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000141510-TP53

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Low tissue specificity

Tissue expression from HPA: Fractions of cells showed weak nuclear and/or cytoplasmic expression.

Single cell type specificity T-cells - Adaptive immune response (mainly)

Immune cell specificity: Low immune cell specificity

Subcellular summary HPA Located in Nucleoplasm, Mitochondria, Cytosol (Single cell variability, CCD Protein)

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Prognostic marker in endometrial cancer (favorable) and prostate cancer (unfavorable)

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000141510-TP53/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000141510-TP53/pathology/endometrial+cancer

OMIM: 191170

OMIM link2: https://www.omim.org/entry/191170

HGNC ID: HGNC:11998

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11998