Biomarker: VEGF

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Country: Romania

Region: Arad

Followed up time :

Subgroup 1 name : negative

Subgroup 1 number: 6

Subgroup 2 name: positive

Subgroup 2 number: 48

Conclusion: VEGF is important indicators of a poor prognosis in patients with endometrial carcinoma.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: immunohistochemistry

Expression pattern : positive

Expression elevation: ▪ Intensity of staining: – 0=negative response; – 1=weak intensity; – 2=moderate intensity; – 3=strong intensity; ▪ Percentage of positive cells: – 0=negative (0% immunopositive cells); – 1=positive immunoreaction in <25% of tumor cells cytoplasm; – 2= positive immunoreaction in 26–50% of tumor cells cytoplasm; – 3= positive immunoreaction in >50% of tumor cells cytoplasm. Final score was obtained by summing the two parameters, with the following interpretation for the immunohistochemical reaction: ▪ a negative immunoreaction for a score between 0 and 2; ▪ a slightly positive immunoreaction for a score between 3 and 4; ▪ a strongly positive immunoreaction for a score between 5 and 6.

Statictics: cutoff<60;cutoff>60

Cohort age: 57; 38 - 81

Subgroup 1 age: 5;1

Subgroup 2 age: 30;18

Funtion Uniprot: Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guidance and cell body migration, including for the caudal migration of facial motor neurons from rhombomere 4 to rhombomere 6 during embryonic development (By similarity). Also binds the DEAR/FBXW7-AS1 receptor (PubMed:17446437).

UniProt ID: P15692

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P15692/entry

Biological function from UniProt: #Angiogenesis #Differentiation

Molecular function from UniProt:

Tissue specificity from UniProt: Isoform VEGF189, isoform VEGF165 and isoform VEGF121 are widely expressed. Isoform VEGF206 and isoform VEGF145 are not widely expressed. A higher level expression seen in pituitary tumors as compared to the pituitary gland.

Subcellular UniProt: #Secreted

Alternative name from UniProt:

Recommended name: Vascular endothelial growth factor A

Gene name from HGNC: Vascular endothelial growth factor A

HPA class: Cancer-related genes Candidate cardiovascular disease genes Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Human disease related genes Plasma proteins RAS pathway related proteins

AlphaFold DB: P15692

AlphaFold Link: https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/P15692

Induction: By hypoxia. Regulated by growth factors, cytokines, gonadotropins, nitric oxide, hypoglycemia and oncogenic mutations.

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000112715-VEGFA

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Low tissue specificity

Tissue expression from HPA: Ubiquitous cytoplasmic expression.

Single cell type specificity Cell type enhanced (Alveolar cells type 1, Muller glia cells)

Immune cell specificity: Not detected in immune cells

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Prognostic marker in renal cancer (unfavorable), liver cancer (unfavorable), endometrial cancer (unfavorable), urothelial cancer (favorable) and cervical cancer (unfavorable)

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000112715-VEGFA/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000112715-VEGFA/pathology/endometrial+cancer

Phenotype ID: 603933

Disease: Microvascular complications of diabetes 1 (MVCD1)

Note1: Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry

OMIM: 192240

OMIM link1: https://www.omim.org/entry/603933

OMIM link2: https://www.omim.org/entry/192240

HGNC ID: HGNC:12680

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:12680