Biomarker: CA-125

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Country: China

Region: Zhongshan

Followed up time :

Conclusion: Endometrial CA-125 expression together with its levels in the serum and cervical and vaginal secretions can be used as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: electro-chemiluminescent immunoassay/immunohistochemistry

Expression pattern : positive expression (score 1)

Expression elevation: The percentage of tissue area stained in 10–12 high power fields and its intensity scored as 0, 1, 2, and 3. Cancer tissue with staining of more than 50% of the area examined and an intensity of 2 and 3 was considered as positive (score 1). Pathologic grading of the tumor cells was done according to the 1988 FIGO grading system. The tumor was graded based on the percentage of solid non-squamous growth as follows: grade 1, ≤5% solid growth; grade 2, 6–50% solid growth; grade 3, >50% solid growth. The overall grade of architecturally grade 1 or grade 2 tumors was increased by one if there was notable nuclear atypia. Mixed mesodermal sarcomas were graded according to the glandular element.

Funtion Uniprot: Thought to provide a protective, lubricating barrier against particles and infectious agents at mucosal surfaces.

UniProt ID: Q8WXI7

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q8WXI7/entry

Molecular function from UniProt:

Tissue specificity from UniProt: Expressed in corneal and conjunctival epithelia (at protein level). Overexpressed in ovarian carcinomas and ovarian low malignant potential (LMP) tumors as compared to the expression in normal ovarian tissue and ovarian adenomas.

Subcellular UniProt: #Cell membrane #Membrane #Secreted

Alternative name from UniProt:

Miscellaneous: Antigen that is the basis for a widely used serum assay for the monitoring of patients with ovarian epithelial cancer. Due to lack of sensitivity for stage I disease and lack of specificity, it is of little value in the detection of early ovarian cancer. Due to its similarly elevated levels in some nonmalignant conditions, it is not specific enough to be used for population screening.

Gene name from HGNC: MUC16 (CA125, FLJ14303)

HPA class: Plasma proteins

AlphaFold DB: SMR Q8WXI7

AlphaFold Link: https://swissmodel.expasy.org/repository/uniprot/Q8WXI7?csm=7D5E9A14F70EB90A

Induction: Up-regulated in ovarian cancer cells.

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000181143-MUC16

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Group enriched (adipose tissue, cervix, fallopian tube, salivary gland)

Tissue expression from HPA: Cytoplasmic and membranous expression in glandular cells of cervix, endometrium, fallopian tube, salivary gland and respiratory epithelium.

Single cell type specificity Cell type enhanced (Respiratory ciliated cells, Glandular and luminal cells, Ionocytes, Club cells, Endometrial ciliated cells, Basal respiratory cells)

Immune cell specificity: Not detected in immune cells

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Gene product is not prognostic

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000181143-MUC16/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000181143-MUC16/pathology/endometrial+cancer

Expression figure legend: Endometrial staining of CA-125 in different groups of subjects

Expression figure link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3539493/figure/f1-medscimonit-17-11-cr618/

OMIM: 606154

OMIM link2: https://www.omim.org/entry/606154

HGNC ID: HGNC:15582

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:15582