Biomarker: galectin-3

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Stage: high-grade

Country: Saudi Arabia

Region: Jeddah

Followed up time :

Subgroup 1 name : endometrial carcinomas

Subgroup 1 number: 71

Subgroup 2 name: benign endometrial conditions

Subgroup 2 number: 30

Conclusion: Loss or decreased galectin-3 immunoexpression gives a sign for poor prognoses in endometrial carcinoma patients.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: immunohistochemistry

Expression pattern : loss or decreased

Expression elevation: The cytoplasmic immunostaining intensity was classified as high (3, +++) if the intensity was the same as the positive control, slightly reduced (2, ++) or low (1, +) if the intensity was more reduced than that of the positive control, and negative in the absence of immunoreactivity.

Funtion Uniprot: Function Galactose-specific lectin which binds IgE. May mediate with the alpha-3, beta-1 integrin the stimulation by CSPG4 of endothelial cells migration. Together with DMBT1, required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis (By similarity). In the nucleus: acts as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Involved in acute inflammatory responses including neutrophil activation and adhesion, chemoattraction of monocytes macrophages, opsonization of apoptotic neutrophils, and activation of mast cells. Together with TRIM16, coordinates the recognition of membrane damage with mobilization of the core autophagy regulators ATG16L1 and BECN1 in response to damaged endomembranes

UniProt ID: P17931

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P17931/entry

Biological function from UniProt: Differentiation, Immunity, Innate immunity, mRNA processing, mRNA splicing

Molecular function from UniProt:

Tissue specificity from UniProt: A major expression is found in the colonic epithelium. It is also abundant in the activated macrophages. Expressed in fetal membranes.

Subcellular UniProt: #Cytoplasm #Nucleus #Secreted #Spliceosome

Alternative name from UniProt:

Recommended name: Galectin-3

Gene name from HGNC: LGALS3 (GALIG, LGALS2, MAC-2)

HPA class: Cancer-related genes Plasma proteins

AlphaFold DB: P17931

AlphaFold Link: https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/P17931

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000131981-LGALS3

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Tissue enhanced (intestine)

Tissue expression from HPA: Cytoplasmic expression in most tissues.

Single cell type specificity Cell type enhanced (Proximal enterocytes, Distal enterocytes, Paneth cells)

Immune cell specificity: Group enriched (classical monocyte, intermediate monocyte, non-classical monocyte, myeloid DC, T-reg)

Subcellular summary HPA Located in Nucleoplasm, Plasma membrane, Cytosol (Single cell variability)

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Gene product is not prognostic

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000131981-LGALS3/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000131981-LGALS3/pathology/endometrium

OMIM: 153619

OMIM link2: https://www.omim.org/entry/153619

HGNC ID: HGNC:6563

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:6563