Biomarker: cyclin D1

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Country: Arabia

Region: Saudi

Followed up time :

Subgroup 1 name : Negative expression

Subgroup 1 number: 32

Subgroup 2 name: Low/High

Subgroup 2 number: 13

Conclusion: The distribution pattern of cyclin D1 immunoexpression suggests poor prognoses in endometrial carcinoma patients.greater frequency of cyclin D1 expression was revealed in normal endometrial tissues in comparison with carcinomas. The distribution pattern of cyclin D1 immunoexpression suggests poor prognoses in endometrial carcinoma patients.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: immunohistochemistry

Expression pattern : high expression

Expression elevation: IHC staining has been evaluated semiquantitatively in three 40× fields. Cases were described positive when they displayed brown immunostaining in ≥5% of tumor cells. The intensity of cyclin D1 immunostaining were scored as +1, +2, and +3 for weak, moderate and strong staining respectively. The score of cyclin D1 immunostaining was reported in the current study as negative, low score (+1) and high score (+2 & +3). In case of discrepancy among the two pathologists’ readings, the lowest score was adopted。

Funtion Uniprot: Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G1/S transition (PubMed:1833066, PubMed:1827756, PubMed:8114739, PubMed:8302605, PubMed:19412162, PubMed:33854235). Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G1 phase (PubMed:1833066, PubMed:1827756, PubMed:8114739, PubMed:8302605, PubMed:19412162). Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G1 phase (PubMed:1833066, PubMed:1827756, PubMed:8114739, PubMed:8302605, PubMed:19412162). Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals (PubMed:1833066, PubMed:1827756, PubMed:8302605, PubMed:19412162). Also a substrate for SMAD3, phosphorylating SMAD3 in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and repressing its transcriptional activity (PubMed:15241418). Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D1/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex (PubMed:9106657). Exhibits transcriptional corepressor activity with INSM1 on the NEUROD1 and INS promoters in a cell cycle-independent manner (PubMed:16569215, PubMed:18417529).

UniProt ID: P24385

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P24385/entry

Biological function from UniProt: Cell cycle, Cell division, DNA damage, Transcription, Transcription regulation

Molecular function from UniProt:

Subcellular UniProt: #Cytoplasm #Membrane #Nucleus

Alternative name from UniProt:

Gene name from HGNC: CCND1 (BCL1, D11S287E, PRAD1, U21B31)

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000110092-CCND1

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Low tissue specificity

Tissue expression from HPA: Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in several tissues.

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer (unfavorable) and head and neck cancer (unfavorable)

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000110092-CCND1/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000110092-CCND1/pathology/endometrial+cancer

HGNC ID: HGNC:1582

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1582