Biomarker: neopterin

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Country: Turkey

Region: Ankara

Followed up time :

Subgroup 1 number: endometrial cancer

Subgroup 2 name : healthy

Subgroup 1 number: 41

Subgroup 2 number: 82

Description: This study suggests that urinary neopterin levels are relevant in evaluating the endometrial cancer stage and follow-up of the disease.

Sample type : urine

Sample method: high-performance liquid chromatography

Expression pattern : Increased

Status: Detected and Quantified

HMDB ID: HMDB0000845

Secondary accession numbers: HMDB0000838 HMDB00838 HMDB00845

Common name: Neopterin

Description: Neopterin, also known as monapterin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biopterins and derivatives. These are coenzymes containing a 2-amino-pteridine-4-one derivative and are mainly synthesized in several parts of the body, including the pineal gland. Neopterin is a solid that is soluble in water. Neopterin is a catabolic product of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). In humans, it is involved in pterine biosynthesis and it also serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of biopterin, which is an essential cofactor in neurotransmitter synthesis. Neopterin has been identified as a uremic toxin according to the European Uremic Toxin Working Group (PMID: 22626821 ). Most uremic toxins are metabolic waste products and are normally excreted in the urine or feces. Uremic toxins can cause kidney, liver and heart damage. They can also cause changes in mental status, such as confusion, reduced awareness, agitation, psychosis, seizures, and coma. Uremic toxins such as neopterin are actively transported into the kidneys via organic ion transporters (especially OAT3). Elevated levels of neopterin result from immune system activation, including from malignant cancer, allograft rejection, viral infection, and autoimmune disorders (PMID: 19500901 ). Measurement of neopterin concentration allows estimation of the extent of oxidative stress elicited by the immune system. Neopterin concentrations usually correlate with the extent and activity of a given disease, and are also used to monitor the course of the disease. Elevated neopterin concentrations are among the best predictors of adverse outcome in patients with HIV infection, in cardiovascular disease, and in various types of cancer.

Chemical formula: C9H11N5O4

Chemical taxonomy description: Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as biopterins and derivatives. These are coenzymes containing a 2-amino-pteridine-4-one derivative. They are mainly synthesized in several parts of the body, including the pineal gland.

Chemical taxonomy kingdom: Organic compounds

Chemical taxonomy super class: Organoheterocyclic compounds

Chemical taxonomy class: Pteridines and derivatives

Chemical taxonomy sub class: Pterins and derivatives

Direct parent: Biopterins and derivatives

Alternative parents: Pyrimidones Aminopyrimidines and derivatives Pyrazines Vinylogous amides Heteroaromatic compounds Secondary alcohols Polyols Azacyclic compounds Primary amines Primary alcohols Organopnictogen compounds Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives Aromatic alcohols

Substituents: Biopterin Aminopyrimidine Pyrimidone Pyrazine Pyrimidine Heteroaromatic compound Vinylogous amide Secondary alcohol Polyol Azacycle Hydrocarbon derivative Organic oxide Organopnictogen compound Primary amine Primary alcohol Alcohol Organooxygen compound Organonitrogen compound Organic oxygen compound Organic nitrogen compound Amine Aromatic alcohol Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound

Molecular framework: Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds

Physiological effect: Adverse health effect A health condition or observation associated with a stimuli or with a biological activity of a chemical Genetic disorder Inborn errors of metabolism Sepiapterin reductase deficiency Immune system disorder AIDS (PMID: 16757158 , PMID: 8703223 , PMID: 1315794 , +11 More ) Nervous system disorder Central nervous system disorder Multiple sclerosis (PMID: 12938853 , PMID: 12938853 , PMID: 16244392 , +48 More ) Hydrocephalus - Concentration is decreased compared to control group (PMID: 1422788 , PMID: 8583213 , PMID: 27543620 , +5 More )

Disposition: Biological location Cellular substructure:Cytoplasm Non-excretory biofluid: Blood Excreta: Feces,Urine Tissue: Connective tissue(Bone marrow) Epithelium: Epidermis Organ: Brain,Kidney,Liver,Pancreas,Spleen,Cell Hematocyte:Erythrocyte

Source Animal foods

Associated disorders diseases: #AIDS [PubMed:1565552 ] #Uremia [PubMed:22626821 ]#Multiple sclerosis [PubMed:7707089 ]#Hydrocephalus [PubMed:8583213 ]#CNS tumors [PubMed:8583213 ] #CNS infections [PubMed:8583213 ] #Sepiapterin reductase deficiency [PubMed:18502672 ] # Parkinson's disease [PubMed:7669428 ]#Urocanase deficiency[PubMed:19304569 ]#Crohn's disease [PubMed:27609529 ]# Ulcerative colitis [PubMed:27609529 ]#Pterin-4a carbinolamine dehydratase deficiency [PubMed:3200274 ]

KEGG compound ID: Not Available

CPD link: Not Available

Process: Metabolic pathway Pterine biosynthesis

HMDB link: https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0000845