Biomarker: PTTG1

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Country: China

Region: Shanghai

Study type: retrospective study

Followed up time :

Subgroup 1 name : negative

Subgroup 1 number: 45

Subgroup 2 name: high expression

Subgroup 2 number: 18

Conclusion: These results indicate that high expression of PTTG1 and low expression of PTEN may be involved in pathogenesis and development of endometrial carcinoma. The findings also provide evidence that combined evaluation of the two markers may be useful in predicting tumor behavior and thus prognosis.

Sample type : tissue

Sample method: immunohistochemistry

Expression pattern : high expression of PTTG1 and low expression of PTEN

Expression elevation: A denoted the number of positive cells: 0, B5%, 1, 6–25%, 2, 26–50%, 3, 51–75%, and 4,[75%; B indicated the positive intensity: colorless as 0, light yellow as 1, yellow as 2, and brown as 3. Total score was evaluated: 0 as negative (-), 1–4 as weak (1?), 5–8 as moderate (2?), and 9–12 as strong (3?). When the scoring difference between the two pathologists was greater than 3, scoring was repeated and final agreement was reached by consensus using a double-headed microscope

Statictics: Mean ;Range

Cohort age: 57; 27 - 81

Funtion Uniprot: Regulatory protein, which plays a central role in chromosome stability, in the p53/TP53 pathway, and DNA repair. Probably acts by blocking the action of key proteins. During the mitosis, it blocks Separase/ESPL1 function, preventing the proteolysis of the cohesin complex and the subsequent segregation of the chromosomes. At the onset of anaphase, it is ubiquitinated, conducting to its destruction and to the liberation of ESPL1. Its function is however not limited to a blocking activity, since it is required to activate ESPL1. Negatively regulates the transcriptional activity and related apoptosis activity of TP53. The negative regulation of TP53 may explain the strong transforming capability of the protein when it is overexpressed. May also play a role in DNA repair via its interaction with Ku, possibly by connecting DNA damage-response pathways with sister chromatid separation.

UniProt ID: O95997

UniProt Link: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O95997/entry

Biological function from UniProt: #Cell cycle #Cell division #Chromosome partition #DNA damage #DNA repair #Mitosis

Molecular function from UniProt:

Tissue specificity from UniProt: Expressed at low level in most tissues, except in adult testis, where it is highly expressed. Overexpressed in many patients suffering from pituitary adenomas, primary epithelial neoplasias, and esophageal cancer

Subcellular UniProt: #Cytoplasm #Nucleus

Alternative name from UniProt:

Recommended name: Securin

Gene name from HGNC: PTTG1 (EAP1, HPTTG, PTTG, securin, TUTR1)

HPA class: Cancer-related genes

AlphaFold DB: O95997

AlphaFold Link: https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/entry/O95997

Developmental stage: Low level during G1 and S phases. Peaks at M phase. During anaphase, it is degraded.

HPA link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000164611-PTTG1

Tissue specificity RNA from HPA: Tissue enhanced (bone marrow, lymphoid tissue, testis)

Tissue expression from HPA: Cytoplasmic and nuclear expression in proliferating cells. Most abundant in a subset of spermatocytes in testis and germinal center cells.

Single cell type specificity Cell type enhanced (Early spermatids, Spermatocytes, Erythroid cells, Langerhans cells)

Immune cell specificity: Immune cell enhanced (T-reg)

Subcellular summary HPA Located in Nucleoli, Cytosol (CCD Transcript)

Cancer prognostic summary HPA Prognostic marker in renal cancer (unfavorable) and liver cancer (unfavorable)

Pathology link: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000164611-PTTG1/pathology

Pathology endo: https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000164611-PTTG1/pathology/endometrial+cancer

OMIM: 604147

OMIM link2: https://www.omim.org/entry/604147

HGNC ID: HGNC:9690

HGNC link: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9690